The Walled City of Lahore Urdu: The city was established around CE in the western half of the Walled City, [1] which was fortified by a mud wall during the medieval era.
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The Walled City was bestowed with numerous monuments during the Mughal era, with some of Lahore's most iconic structures being located in the Walled City, such as the lavishly decorated Wazir Khan Mosque , the massive Badshahi Mosque , and the Shahi Hammam. Under Sikh rule, the city was again selected as capital, and the Walled City again rose in prominence with numerous religious buildings built in the Walled City at the time, including the Samadhi of Ranjit Singh , and the Gurdwara Janam Asthan Guru Ram Das.
The Walled City today remains the cultural heart of Lahore, and is home to many of its tourist attractions. The origins of Lahore are vague. According to carbon dating evidence from archaeological finds in the Lahore Fort, settlement in region have existed as early as 2, BCE. Lahore had many names throughout its history. Mohallah Maulian represents one of the two most probable sites of first the original Lahore. Though modern-city's founding may have been as early as CE, Lahore gained prominence only with the invasion of Muslim rulers from Central Asia.
The entire city of Lahore during the medieval Ghaznavid era was probably located west of the modern Shah Alami, and north of the Bhatti Gate. The modern Gumti Bazaar forms an arc along what may have been the southern boundary of the pre-Mughal city. By the time of Mughal rule , a majority of its residents did not live within the walled city itself, but instead lived in suburbs that had spread outside of the city's walls.
Urban administration under the Mughals was minimal, and most streets aside from major thoroughfares were privately maintained. The positions were also maintain later during Sikh and British rule. Lahore's eminence largely began after , when the Emperor Akbar ordered a palace to be built at what is now the Lahore Fort after shifting his capital to Lahore from Fatehpur Sikri. European visitors in the 16th and 17th centuries described the city as populous, with bazaars stocking valuable goods.
The family of Nur Jahan built several garden-residences within and around the Walled City, and was later buried in Shahdara Bagh. By the time of his reign, six times as many Lahoris lived outside of the city walls than within. He also improved civil infrastructure, and ordered construction of the Alamgiri Bund - a channel built to divert the flow of the River Ravi. Following the collapse of Mughal rule, Lahore ceased to function as an imperial city.
Trade abruptly stopped, and large areas of the city's suburbs were abandoned. Instability hindered Lahore's progress until the arrival of Maharaja Ranjit Singh , who in made Lahore the Sikhs' administrative capital for the next 50 years, ruling from the Old City's Lahore Fort.
They also refurbished the nearby Shalimar Gardens, while numerous gardens were laid outside the city walls by Sikh nobles. By the end of Sikh rule, most of Lahore's massive Mughal haveli compounds had been occupied by settlers. New neighbourhoods occasionally grew up entirely within the confines of an old Mughal haveli, such as the Mohallah Pathran Wali, which grew within the ruins of a haveli of the same name that was built by Mian Khan.
After the British captured Lahore from the Sikhs in , annexation of the Punjab in , the Walled City's administrative practices were largely maintained.
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Following the Sepoy Mutiny of , British colonialists destroyed Lahore's city walls, as well as its gateways, [1] though several were later rebuilt. The British regarded the Walled City as a potential hotbed for disease and social instability, and instead focused development away from the Walled City, and into suburban areas to the south and east, [1] where numerous British-era buildings now stand, along with the Lahore Cantonment - originally laid by British administrators.
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The city of Lahore during the Ghaznavid era was probably located in the southwest portion of today's Walled City, [1] with several of the city's pre-Mughal tombs built along the perimeter of this area. As late as , the Lahori Mandi area had been known as kacha kot , meaning "the mud fort," a name derived from the gradient of the land, the water flow, and the formation of mohallahs , kuchas , and kattrahs. The curve of Kucha Pir Bola. The Mughal period beginning in the Akbari period until the early 18th century most decisively determined the city's character.
Suburbs grew around the Walled City in areas to its east and south, and most was done in an ad hoc manner with concern paid to the developments immediate environment, rather than a larger masterplan. During the Jahangir period, the city grew rapidly. Lahore's suburban areas extended up to 5 kilometres from the Walled City. Properties in the Walled City were often carved into smaller pieces over time. During the British era, the city's eastern walls were shifted about metres further east. During the British era, a new gate was built next to the Shahi Hammam , and new streets built in that area.
The Shah Alami Bazaar area was once a largely Hindu quarter of the Walled City, and was the busiest and most densely populated part of the city where sunlight would rarely reach the street below. The convoluted and picturesque streets of the inner city remain almost intact, but the rapid demolition and frequently illegal rebuilding taking place throughout the city is causing the historic fabric to be eroded and replaced by inferior constructions. The Walled City of Lahore covers an area of ha with a population of , The Lahore Fort Punjabi and Urdu: Shahi Qila , or "Royal Fort" is a citadel at the northern end of Lahore's Walled City that spreads over an area greater than 20 hectares.
Some of its monuments are famous sites themselves, including the white marble Naulakha Pavilion , the Sheesh Mahal "Palace of Mirrors" , Pearl Mosque , and the fort's massive Picture Wall. The Lahore Fort is notable for having been almost entirely rebuilt in the 17th century, [10] when the Mughal Empire was at the height of its splendour and opulence.
The Badshahi Mosque Urdu: Badshahi Mosque was commissioned by Emperor Aurangzeb in , with construction of the mosque lasting for two years until The mosque is an important example of Mughal architecture , with an exterior that is decorated with carved red sandstone with marble inlay. It is the largest and most recent of the grand imperial mosques of the Mughal-era, and is the second-largest mosque in Pakistan. The Wazir Khan Mosque Urdu: Construction of Wazir Khan Mosque began in C.
Considered to be the most ornately decorated Mughal-era mosque, [5] Wazir Khan Mosque is renowned for its intricate faience tile work known as kashi-kari , as well as its interior surfaces that are almost entirely embellished with elaborate Mughal-era frescoes. The mosque has been under extensive restoration since under the direction of the Aga Khan Trust for Culture and the Government of Punjab , [16] with contributions from the governments of Germany , Norway , and the United States.
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The Begum Shahi Mosque Urdu: It is Lahore's earliest surviving example of a Mughal-era mosque, [18] [19] and influenced construction of the larger Wazir Khan Mosque a few decades later. The Sunheri Mosque Urdu: Neat and comfortable environment. Friendly service and affordable price. Our stay was enjoyable.. The Nishat Hotel Gulberg. Uber now serves Vegas. The staff were very friendly and nice and the customer service was excellent! The room was nice and clean and i loved the close proximity to the Safe Hotels near Lahore Holiday Inn Amritsar Ranjit Avenue.
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